Led

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LEDs convert current into light and are used for indication, lighting, and backlights. Select by color, intensity, forward voltage, and drive current.

Selection guide

Check forward voltage (Vf) and drive current (If); drive with a current-limiting resistor or constant-current driver.
Match required intensity (mcd/lm) and color/temperature (wavelength or CCT).
Confirm the viewing angle fits the use case (indication vs lighting).
Check package (size, thermal), power rating, and AEC-Q102 for automotive use.

Frequently asked questions

How do I calculate the LED current-limiting resistor?

R = (supply voltage − Vf) / If. E.g., 5V supply, Vf 2V, If 10mA → R = (5−2)/0.01 = 300Ω. For precision/efficiency, use a constant-current driver.

Series or parallel connection — which is better?

Series shares the same current for uniform brightness but needs higher voltage; parallel can have current imbalance, requiring per-branch resistors or constant current.

Can I substitute any LED of the same color?

Vf, If, intensity, viewing angle, and package must match. Even same-color LEDs with different Vf require resistor recalculation and may differ in brightness.